INTEGRATED COST AND TIME OVERRUN ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS

Abstract

Cost and time overruns represent critical challenges in public infrastructure projects worldwide, significantly impacting project success and resource allocation efficiency. This comprehensive analysis synthesizes empirical findings from multiple geographical contexts to identify patterns, causes, and magnitude of overruns in public infrastructure development. Through systematic examination of 47 peer-reviewed sources spanning construction projects across developed and developing nations, this study reveals that cost overruns occur in 70-90% of public infrastructure projects, with average overruns ranging from 20% to 200% of initial estimates. Time delays demonstrate similar patterns, with 85% of projects experiencing schedule overruns averaging 50-100% beyond planned completion dates. The research identifies contractor-related factors, design changes, inadequate planning, and external circumstances as primary contributors to project performance deterioration. These findings provide essential insights for policymakers, project managers, and stakeholders seeking to improve infrastructure project delivery outcomes. Keywords: Cost overrun, Time overrun, Public infrastructure, Project management, Construction industry.